Myths and facts

Short answers to common misconceptions about ALS.

Common myths

Myth

ALS is always inherited.

Fact

Most cases are sporadic; inherited forms exist but are not the majority.

Myth

Fasciculations always mean ALS.

Fact

They can occur in healthy people and in many other conditions; they do not diagnose ALS by themselves.

Myth

Everyone starts with the same symptoms.

Fact

ALS may begin in a limb, with bulbar symptoms, or less commonly in other ways.

Myth

ALS always progresses at the same speed.

Fact

Progression varies widely from person to person.

Myth

ALS can be diagnosed with one test.

Fact

Diagnosis requires clinical assessment and tests interpreted together.

Myth

EMG alone proves ALS.

Fact

EMG is important but must fit the clinical picture and exclusion of other causes.

Myth

Tofersen is for all ALS patients.

Fact

Tofersen is intended for SOD1-associated ALS only.

Myth

ALS is contagious.

Fact

ALS is not contagious and is not spread by contact.

Myth

Nothing can be done for quality of life.

Fact

Multidisciplinary care, respiratory support, nutrition, communication tools and home adaptation can matter greatly.

Myth

Statistics predict my exact future.

Fact

Statistics describe groups, not the exact course for one person.

Myth

Lyme disease is proven to cause ALS.

Fact

There are hypotheses and cases, but no proof that Lyme disease causes most ALS cases.

Myth

Heavy metals or mold explain all ALS cases.

Fact

These factors are discussed and studied but are not proven universal causes.

Myth

A second opinion is pointless.

Fact

For a serious diagnosis, a second opinion from a motor neuron disease specialist may be useful.

Myth

ALS always affects thinking.

Fact

Many people retain normal cognition; some may have cognitive or behavioral changes.

Myth

Only medication matters.

Fact

Daily care, breathing, nutrition, rehabilitation and psychological support are also important.